“Working nights to see your children, it’s not ideal!” Operational Leeway to Balance Family Life and Work among Cleaners in Public Transportation

Imposed atypical schedules complicate work-family balancing (WFB), particularly when they are associated with low-paid, low control work or involuntary part-time work. A growing number of workers are exposed to such exacting schedules, but few studies have examined the WFB strategies workers use to cope with them. For many, the only possible accommodation available is to make informal arrangements with managers or colleagues. Such agreements are fragile and individual and are characterized by relational dynamics, including power relations. They also put significant pressure on the work collective, which may limit operational leeway for conciliation. In other words, there is little or no room available for people
to deploy strategies that will allow them to adapt their work according to the context and their capacities.

Our interdisciplinary study combining communication and ergonomics examines WFB strategies in cleaning, a type of precarious employment associated with a low level of social prestige. More specifically, this article discusses the mechanisms influencing leeway available to reconciling atypical work schedules and family in
the specific context of night work.

Analysis of data from observations and interviews highlights the interactions among the choice of work schedule, the support of colleagues and relationshipsof gender and seniority Situating WFB strategies at the heart of work activity, our results illustrate tensions that arise within the work group when individual needs
for WFB are accommodated.

Improving flexibility to reconcile family responsibilities with atypical work schedules requires simultaneous action on work organisation and on relational dynamics in order to promote collective support systems around the issue of work-life balance. These dynamics must be taken into account in the development of organizational policies and even legal measures in order to facilitate work-life balance.

Keywords : cleaning service, work-life balance strategies, gender, atypical schedules, occupational health.